{"id":15504,"date":"2019-02-26T19:58:36","date_gmt":"2019-02-26T19:58:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/biodiversity-and-endemic-species-from-cocos-island\/"},"modified":"2019-02-26T20:38:42","modified_gmt":"2019-02-26T20:38:42","slug":"biodiversity-and-endemic-species-from-cocos-island","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/biodiversity-and-endemic-species-from-cocos-island\/","title":{"rendered":"Biodiversity and Endemic Species from Cocos Island"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-parallax-none bg-contained hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-background-position:right center;--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:0px;--awb-padding-right:0px;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-padding-left:0px;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-background-color:#ffffff;--awb-background-image:url(&quot;https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/isotipo-faico-celeste-derecha-claro.png&quot;);--awb-background-size:cover;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_4 1_4 fusion-one-fourth fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:20px;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-bg-color:#0e67a7;--awb-bg-color-hover:#0e67a7;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;width:25%;width:calc(25% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.25 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><h2 class=\"white centered\" style=\"font-size: 165%;\">Cocos Island<\/h2>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-has-icon\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:20px;width:100%;max-width:60%;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-single sep-solid\" style=\"--awb-height:20px;--awb-amount:20px;--awb-sep-color:#ffffff;border-color:#ffffff;border-top-width:1px;\"><\/div><span class=\"icon-wrapper\" style=\"border-color:#ffffff;background-color:#0e67a7;font-size:16px;width: 1.75em; height: 1.75em;border-width:1px;padding:1px;margin-top:-0.5px\"><i class=\"fa-info-circle fas\" style=\"font-size: inherit;color:#ffffff;\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-single sep-solid\" style=\"--awb-height:20px;--awb-amount:20px;--awb-sep-color:#ffffff;border-color:#ffffff;border-top-width:1px;\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-1 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-color:#0b5d92;--awb-padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div id=\"nav_menu-3\" class=\"widget widget_nav_menu\"><div class=\"menu-cocos-island-en-container\"><ul id=\"menu-cocos-island-en\" class=\"menu\"><li id=\"menu-item-16481\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16481\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/cocos-island-summary\/\">Cocos Island National Park<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-15923\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15923\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/cocos-island-national-park-creation-location\/\">Creation and Location<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-15508\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15508\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/biodiversity-and-endemic-species-from-cocos-island\/\">Biodiversity and Endemic Species<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-15914\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15914\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/cocos-island-coral-reefs\/\">Coral reefs<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-15509\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15509\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/sea-birds-of-cocos-island\/\">Sea Birds<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-15917\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15917\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/cocos-island-sharks\/\">Sharks<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-15922\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15922\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/cinp-management-plan\/\">General management plan<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-15921\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15921\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/threats-cocos-island\/\">Threats<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-15915\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15915\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/cocos-island-world-heritage\/\">Declarations<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-15919\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15919\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/history-of-cocos-island\/\">History<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element in-legacy-container\" style=\"--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-1 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"428\" height=\"599\" title=\"Isla del Coco biodiversidad y especies end\u00e9micas\" src=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/isla-del-coco-biodiversidad-especies-endemicas.jpg\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-15182\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/isla-del-coco-biodiversidad-especies-endemicas-200x280.jpg 200w, https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/isla-del-coco-biodiversidad-especies-endemicas-400x560.jpg 400w, https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/isla-del-coco-biodiversidad-especies-endemicas.jpg 428w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-three-fourth fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:35px;--awb-padding-right:4%;--awb-padding-left:0px;--awb-bg-position:right center;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;width:75%;width:calc(75% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.75 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><h2 class=\"p1\">Biodiversity and Endemic Species<\/h2>\n<p class=\"p1\">For Cocos Island National Park, at least 235 plant species (70 endemic), 362 insect species (64 endemic), and 2 endemic reptiles have been identified: the lizard and the salamander; 3 spider species, 150 bird species, including 4 endemic, 57 crustacean species, 118 marine mollusks, more than 250 fish species, and 18 corals. Among the birds, endemic species stand out, such as the mosquerito of Cocos Island, the Cocos Island cuclillo (cuckoo), and the Cocos Island pinz\u00f3n (finch).<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">An <b>endemic species<\/b> is native to a limited geographical area and is only present in that area. Endemic species, found only in a specific area, are more vulnerable to the alteration of their habitat.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">In Costa Rica, nearly 4700 marine species have been recorded, of which 16% (747 species) have only been reported on Cocos Island.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 <\/span>In its waters, there is abundance of white-tip sharks, giant hammerhead sharks, tuna, parrotfish, rays, and mackerels. A total of 45 endemic marine species have been registered in Cocos Island National Park, which represent almost 50% of endemic species in Costa Rica.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">The majority of endemic species are fish (33.3%), followed by crustaceans (28.9%), and mollusks (15.5%). In addition, Cocos Island has biodiversity indexes up to 15 times higher than those in the continent.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"accordian fusion-accordian\" style=\"--awb-border-size:1px;--awb-icon-size:18px;--awb-content-font-size:16px;--awb-icon-alignment:left;--awb-hover-color:#f2f2f2;--awb-border-color:#eaeaea;--awb-background-color:#f7f7f7;--awb-divider-color:#e0dede;--awb-divider-hover-color:#e0dede;--awb-icon-color:#ffffff;--awb-title-color:#74bd4c;--awb-content-color:#747474;--awb-icon-box-color:#74bd4c;--awb-toggle-hover-accent-color:#03a9f4;--awb-title-font-family:&quot;Montserrat&quot;;--awb-title-font-weight:400;--awb-title-font-style:normal;--awb-title-font-size:18px;--awb-content-font-family:&quot;Montserrat&quot;;--awb-content-font-style:normal;--awb-content-font-weight:400;\"><div class=\"panel-group fusion-toggle-icon-boxed\" id=\"accordion-15504-1\"><div class=\"fusion-panel panel-default panel-dbfb6de438f6a3852 fusion-toggle-no-divider fusion-toggle-boxed-mode\"><div class=\"panel-heading\"><h4 class=\"panel-title toggle\" id=\"toggle_dbfb6de438f6a3852\"><a aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"dbfb6de438f6a3852\" role=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#dbfb6de438f6a3852\" href=\"#dbfb6de438f6a3852\"><span class=\"fusion-toggle-icon-wrapper\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fa-fusion-box active-icon awb-icon-minus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><i class=\"fa-fusion-box inactive-icon awb-icon-plus\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-toggle-heading\">Bibliography<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div><div id=\"dbfb6de438f6a3852\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"toggle_dbfb6de438f6a3852\"><div class=\"panel-body toggle-content fusion-clearfix\">\n<p>Cort\u00e9s, J. 2012. Marine biodiversity of an Eastern Tropical Pacific oceanic island, Isla del Coco, Costa Rica. Rev. Biol.Trop. 60 (Suppl. 3): 131-185.<\/p>\n<p>SINAC. 2018. Importancia de los ecosistemas y poblaciones del Parque Nacional Isla del Coco (PNIC), \u00c1rea Marina de Manejo Montes Submarinos (AMM MS) y aguas adyacentes del \u00c1rea de Conservaci\u00f3n Marina Cocos (ACMC). San Jose, Costa Rica. 51 p. Eds: C. S\u00e1nchez, A. Montero y S. Solano<\/p>\n<p>Wehrtmann, I. S., Cort\u00e9s, J., &amp; Echeverr\u00eda-S\u00e1enz, S. (2009). Marine biodiversity of Costa Rica: perspectives and conclusions. In Marine Biodiversity of Costa Rica, Central America (pp. 521-533). Springer, Dordrecht.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"100-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15504","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15504","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15504"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15504\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15513,"href":"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15504\/revisions\/15513"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15504"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}