{"id":15678,"date":"2018-11-22T01:27:35","date_gmt":"2018-11-22T07:27:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/cocos-island-historical-periods\/"},"modified":"2019-03-10T15:26:42","modified_gmt":"2019-03-10T15:26:42","slug":"cocos-island-historical-periods","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/cocos-island-historical-periods\/","title":{"rendered":"Cocos Island &#8211; History in detail"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-parallax-none bg-half hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling fusion-equal-height-columns\" style=\"--awb-background-position:right top;--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:0px;--awb-padding-right:0px;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-padding-left:0px;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-background-image:url(&quot;https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/isotipo-faico-celeste-derecha-claro.png&quot;);--awb-background-size:cover;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_4 1_4 fusion-one-fourth fusion-column-first\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:30px;--awb-padding-right:30px;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:30px;--awb-bg-color:#0e67a7;--awb-bg-color-hover:#0e67a7;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;width:25%;width:calc(25% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.25 ) );margin-right: 4%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><h2 class=\"white centered\" style=\"font-size: 165%;\">Cocos Island<\/h2>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-has-icon\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:20px;width:100%;max-width:60%;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-single sep-solid\" style=\"--awb-height:20px;--awb-amount:20px;--awb-sep-color:#ffffff;border-color:#ffffff;border-top-width:1px;\"><\/div><span class=\"icon-wrapper\" style=\"border-color:#ffffff;background-color:#0e67a7;font-size:16px;width: 1.75em; height: 1.75em;border-width:1px;padding:1px;margin-top:-0.5px\"><i class=\"fa-info-circle fas\" style=\"font-size: inherit;color:#ffffff;\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-single sep-solid\" style=\"--awb-height:20px;--awb-amount:20px;--awb-sep-color:#ffffff;border-color:#ffffff;border-top-width:1px;\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-1 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-color:#0b5d92;--awb-padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div id=\"nav_menu-3\" class=\"widget widget_nav_menu\"><div class=\"menu-cocos-island-en-container\"><ul id=\"menu-cocos-island-en\" class=\"menu\"><li id=\"menu-item-16481\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-16481\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/cocos-island-summary\/\">Cocos Island National Park<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-15923\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15923\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/cocos-island-national-park-creation-location\/\">Creation and Location<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-15508\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15508\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/biodiversity-and-endemic-species-from-cocos-island\/\">Biodiversity and Endemic Species<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-15914\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15914\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/cocos-island-coral-reefs\/\">Coral reefs<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-15509\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15509\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/sea-birds-of-cocos-island\/\">Sea Birds<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-15917\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15917\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/cocos-island-sharks\/\">Sharks<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-15922\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15922\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/cinp-management-plan\/\">General management plan<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-15921\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15921\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/threats-cocos-island\/\">Threats<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-15915\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15915\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/cocos-island-world-heritage\/\">Declarations<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-15919\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15919\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/history-of-cocos-island\/\">History<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-three-fourth fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:30px;--awb-padding-right:30px;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-padding-left:0px;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;width:75%;width:calc(75% - ( ( 4% ) * 0.75 ) );\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><h2>History of Cocos Island<\/h2>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-menu-anchor\" id=\"detalles\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-content-boxes content-boxes columns row fusion-columns-1 fusion-columns-total-7 fusion-content-boxes-1 content-boxes-timeline-vertical content-left content-boxes-timeline-layout content-boxes-icon-with-title isla-timeline icon-image-circle fusion-delayed-animation\" style=\"--awb-title-color:#0b5d92;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-hover-accent-color:#0b5d92;--awb-circle-hover-accent-color:#0b5d92;--awb-item-margin-bottom:40px;\" data-animation-delay=\"350\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div style=\"--awb-backgroundcolor:rgba(255,255,255,0);--awb-iconcolor:#69c23c;--awb-content-padding-left:100px;\" class=\"fusion-column content-box-column content-box-column content-box-column-1 col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-sm-12 fusion-content-box-hover content-box-column-last-in-row\"><div class=\"col content-box-wrapper content-wrapper link-area-link-icon content-icon-wrapper-yes icon-wrapper-hover-animation-pulsate fusion-animated\" data-animationType=\"fadeIn\" data-animationDuration=\"0.25\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"heading heading-with-icon icon-left\" style=\"margin-top:52px;\"><div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/icon-faico-isla-coco-periodo-descubrimiento.png\" width=\"80\" height=\"80\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><h2 class=\"content-box-heading\" style=\"--h2_typography-font-size:28px;line-height:33px;\">I. Discovery Period<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><div class=\"content-container\">\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">It is said that the island was discovered after 1531 and before 1542 by navigator Johan Cabezas.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"content-box-shortcode-timeline-vertical\" style=\"border-color:#74bd4c;left:55px;top:40px;-webkit-transition-duration: 350ms;animation-duration: 350ms;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div style=\"--awb-backgroundcolor:rgba(255,255,255,0);--awb-iconcolor:#69c23c;--awb-content-padding-left:100px;\" class=\"fusion-column content-box-column content-box-column content-box-column-2 col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-sm-12 fusion-content-box-hover content-box-column-last-in-row\"><div class=\"col content-box-wrapper content-wrapper link-area-link-icon content-icon-wrapper-yes icon-wrapper-hover-animation-pulsate fusion-animated\" data-animationType=\"fadeIn\" data-animationDuration=\"0.25\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"heading heading-with-icon icon-left\" style=\"margin-top:52px;\"><div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/icon-faico-isla-coco-periodo-piratas-corsarios.png\" width=\"80\" height=\"80\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><h2 class=\"content-box-heading\" style=\"--h2_typography-font-size:28px;line-height:33px;\">II. Period of pirates, buccaneers, and treasures<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><div class=\"content-container\">\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, it was a refuge for pirates and buccaneers because of the abundance of fresh water, wood, fishing, and coconuts. According to the legends on the island, valuable treasures were hidden, among which those of the following captains stand out:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">-Edward Davis who arrived on his ship Bachelor&#8217;s Delight in 1685.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">-Bennett Graham on his ship Devonshire in 1818.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">-Benito Bonito with his ship Lightning in 1820.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">-Mary Dear in 1821, known as the Treasure of Lima.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"content-box-shortcode-timeline-vertical\" style=\"border-color:#74bd4c;left:55px;top:40px;-webkit-transition-duration: 350ms;animation-duration: 350ms;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div style=\"--awb-backgroundcolor:rgba(255,255,255,0);--awb-iconcolor:#69c23c;--awb-content-padding-left:100px;\" class=\"fusion-column content-box-column content-box-column content-box-column-3 col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-sm-12 fusion-content-box-hover content-box-column-last-in-row\"><div class=\"col content-box-wrapper content-wrapper link-area-link-icon content-icon-wrapper-yes icon-wrapper-hover-animation-pulsate fusion-animated\" data-animationType=\"fadeIn\" data-animationDuration=\"0.25\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"heading heading-with-icon icon-left\" style=\"margin-top:52px;\"><div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/icon-faico-isla-coco-periodo-balleneros.png\" width=\"80\" height=\"80\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><h2 class=\"content-box-heading\" style=\"--h2_typography-font-size:28px;line-height:33px;\">III. Whale hunters period<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><div class=\"content-container\">\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">The island served as a supply station for fresh water, wood, and firewood, and it was also a resting place for the numerous crews of whale hunters who operated especially around the Galapagos Islands. Even though this historical period is richly documented in the whale hunters logbooks, it has been scarcely studied.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"content-box-shortcode-timeline-vertical\" style=\"border-color:#74bd4c;left:55px;top:40px;-webkit-transition-duration: 350ms;animation-duration: 350ms;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div style=\"--awb-backgroundcolor:rgba(255,255,255,0);--awb-iconcolor:#69c23c;--awb-content-padding-left:100px;\" class=\"fusion-column content-box-column content-box-column content-box-column-4 col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-sm-12 fusion-content-box-hover content-box-column-last-in-row\"><div class=\"col content-box-wrapper content-wrapper link-area-link-icon content-icon-wrapper-yes icon-wrapper-hover-animation-pulsate fusion-animated\" data-animationType=\"fadeIn\" data-animationDuration=\"0.25\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"heading heading-with-icon icon-left\" style=\"margin-top:52px;\"><div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/icon-faico-isla-coco-periodo-exploradores-cientificos.png\" width=\"80\" height=\"80\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><h2 class=\"content-box-heading\" style=\"--h2_typography-font-size:28px;line-height:33px;\">IV. Period of explorers and scientists<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><div class=\"content-container\">\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">1791: Alejandro Malespina, with his vessels Descubierta and Atrevida, which were sent by the Spanish Crown to carry out a hydrographic survey of the American Pacific.<br \/>\n1795: Georges Vancouver of the British Admiralty<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">1838: Edward Belcher on ships Sulfur and Starling<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">1888: The United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries on the Albatross<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">1899: Hopkins Stanford on schooner Julia Whalen<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">1905: The California Academy of Sciences<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">1924: The expedition sponsored by the British Museum on the Saint Georges sailboat<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">1921-1928: Expeditions by William Vanderbilt on the yachts Eagle and Ara<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">1930: Vincent Astor on the yacht Nourmhal <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">1932: Allan Hancock on the motorized cruise ship Velero III<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\"><span class=\"s1\">No definite date: scientist Alexander Agassiz<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\"><span class=\"s1\">Among others\u2026 <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">As a result of these expeditions and visits of scientists, a great amount of natural material has been collected, and countless publications on Cocos Island have been made.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"content-box-shortcode-timeline-vertical\" style=\"border-color:#74bd4c;left:55px;top:40px;-webkit-transition-duration: 350ms;animation-duration: 350ms;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div style=\"--awb-backgroundcolor:rgba(255,255,255,0);--awb-iconcolor:#69c23c;--awb-content-padding-left:100px;\" class=\"fusion-column content-box-column content-box-column content-box-column-5 col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-sm-12 fusion-content-box-hover content-box-column-last-in-row\"><div class=\"col content-box-wrapper content-wrapper link-area-link-icon content-icon-wrapper-yes icon-wrapper-hover-animation-pulsate fusion-animated\" data-animationType=\"fadeIn\" data-animationDuration=\"0.25\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"heading heading-with-icon icon-left\" style=\"margin-top:52px;\"><div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/icon-faico-isla-coco-periodo-colonia-penal.png\" width=\"80\" height=\"80\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><h2 class=\"content-box-heading\" style=\"--h2_typography-font-size:28px;line-height:33px;\">V. Period of criminal and agricultural colony<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><div class=\"content-container\">\n<h3>Criminal Colony (1879-1881) &#8211; Agricultural Colony (1884-1912)<\/h3>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">The first installed colony had an ephemeral life but established agricultural activities with the respective felling of the forest.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\"><span class=\"s1\">The second was promoted by August Gissler, who was appointed Governor of Cocos Island and had a variable development in time, with the presence of German settlers. During this time, an intensive search of the treasure was carried out.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"content-box-shortcode-timeline-vertical\" style=\"border-color:#74bd4c;left:55px;top:40px;-webkit-transition-duration: 350ms;animation-duration: 350ms;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div style=\"--awb-backgroundcolor:rgba(255,255,255,0);--awb-iconcolor:#69c23c;--awb-content-padding-left:100px;\" class=\"fusion-column content-box-column content-box-column content-box-column-6 col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-sm-12 fusion-content-box-hover content-box-column-last-in-row\"><div class=\"col content-box-wrapper content-wrapper link-area-link-icon content-icon-wrapper-yes icon-wrapper-hover-animation-pulsate fusion-animated\" data-animationType=\"fadeIn\" data-animationDuration=\"0.25\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"heading heading-with-icon icon-left\" style=\"margin-top:52px;\"><div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/icon-faico-isla-coco-periodo-buscadores-tesoros.png\" width=\"80\" height=\"80\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><h2 class=\"content-box-heading\" style=\"--h2_typography-font-size:28px;line-height:33px;\">VI. Period of treasure hunters<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><div class=\"content-container\">\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">It started in the first quarter of the 19th century and ended in 1992 with the last treasure hunt carried out by John Hodges and Leonel Pacheco on the ship Dulcinea.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p2\"><span class=\"s1\">To date, it is estimated that more than 300 treasure hunting expeditions have been undertaken, with no known results.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"content-box-shortcode-timeline-vertical\" style=\"border-color:#74bd4c;left:55px;top:40px;-webkit-transition-duration: 350ms;animation-duration: 350ms;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div style=\"--awb-backgroundcolor:rgba(255,255,255,0);--awb-iconcolor:#69c23c;--awb-content-padding-left:100px;\" class=\"fusion-column content-box-column content-box-column content-box-column-7 col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-sm-12 fusion-content-box-hover content-box-column-last content-box-column-last-in-row\"><div class=\"col content-box-wrapper content-wrapper link-area-link-icon content-icon-wrapper-yes icon-wrapper-hover-animation-pulsate fusion-animated\" data-animationType=\"fadeIn\" data-animationDuration=\"0.25\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"heading heading-with-icon icon-left\" style=\"margin-top:52px;\"><div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/icon-faico-isla-coco-periodo-area-marina-turismo.png\" width=\"80\" height=\"80\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div><h2 class=\"content-box-heading\" style=\"--h2_typography-font-size:28px;line-height:33px;\">VII. Protected area open to tourism<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><div class=\"content-container\">\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">In 1978, the Government of Costa Rica created Cocos Island National Park, which was later declared the core of the Cocos Marine Conservation Area.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"content-box-shortcode-timeline-vertical\" style=\"border-color:#74bd4c;left:55px;top:40px;-webkit-transition-duration: 350ms;animation-duration: 350ms;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"100-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15678","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15678","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15678"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15678\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15682,"href":"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15678\/revisions\/15682"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cocosisland.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15678"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}